Fox Racing, Inc. v. John Zuccarini a/k/a
Cupcake Patrol
Claim Number: FA0205000114302
PARTIES
Complainant
is Fox Racing, Inc., Morgan Hill,
CA, USA (“Complainant”) represented by Eliane
Setton, of Gray Cary Ware &
Freidenrich LLP. Respondent is John Zuccarini a/k/a Cupcake Patrol,
Nassau, BAHAMAS (“Respondent”).
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <foxraceing.com>,
registered with Joker.com.
PANEL
The
undersigned certifies that he has acted independently and impartially and to
the best of his knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this
proceeding.
Judge
Harold Kalina (Ret.) as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the “Forum”) electronically
on May 16, 2002; the Forum received a hard copy of the Complaint on May 20,
2002.
On
May 21, 2002, Joker.com confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that the domain name <foxraceing.com> is registered
with Joker.com and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Joker.com has verified that Respondent is
bound by the Joker.com registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve
domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN’s
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy”).
On
May 24, 2002, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative
Proceeding (the “Commencement Notification”), setting a deadline of June 13,
2002 by which Respondent could file a Response to the Complaint, was transmitted
to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on
Respondent’s registration as technical, administrative and billing contacts,
and to postmaster@foxraceing.com by e-mail.
Having
received no Response from Respondent, using the same contact details and
methods as were used for the Commencement Notification, the Forum transmitted
to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On
June 30, 2002, pursuant to Complainant’s request to have the dispute decided by
a single-member Panel, the Forum appointed Judge Harold Kalina (Ret.) as
Panelist.
Having
reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the “Panel”)
finds that the Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of
the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”) “to
employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to
Respondent.” Therefore, the Panel may
issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the
ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the Forum’s Supplemental Rules and any rules and
principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any
Response from Respondent.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
A.
Complainant
The
<foxraceing.com> domain name
is confusingly similar to Complainant’s FOX and FOX RACING marks.
Respondent
has no rights or legitimate interests in the <foxraceing.com> domain name.
Respondent
registered the <foxraceing.com>
domain name in bad faith.
B.
Respondent
Respondent
has failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
FINDINGS
Complainant owns registered trademarks
for FOX with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). Complainant also has pending trademark
applications for FOX RACING with the USPTO (Reg. Nos. 76,331,234, 76,331,560,
and 76,331,236). Complainant uses its
FOX and FOX RACING marks in connection with clothing geared to the motocross
and sportswear fields.
Complainant has extensively used the FOX
and FOX RACING marks to promote its products.
In 2001, Complainant spent over seven million dollars on worldwide
advertising and promotion.
Consequently, Complainant’s FOX and FOX RACING marks have gained brand
recognition status.
Complainant also has a website at
<foxracing.com>, which serves as a vehicle for providing company and
sponsorship information as well as a means for online ordering of Complainant’s
goods.
Respondent registered <foxraceing.com> on May 17,
2000. Respondent links the <foxraceing.com> domain name to a
pornographic website, located at <amaturevideos.nl>. Respondent has also linked several “pop-up”
advertisements to the domain name.
DISCUSSION
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to
“decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in
accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law
that it deems applicable.”
In view
of Respondent's failure to submit a Response, the Panel shall decide this
administrative proceeding on the basis of the Complainant's undisputed
representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and
draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of
the Rules.
Paragraph
4(a) of the Policy requires that the Complainant must prove each of the
following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be
cancelled or transferred:
(1)
the domain name registered by the Respondent is identical or confusingly
similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; and
(2)
the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain
name; and
(3)
the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
Complainant has established its rights to
the FOX mark through registration with the USPTO and continuous use. Complainant has also established its rights
to the FOX RACING mark through pending trademark applications with the USPTO
and continuous use. See SeekAmerica
Networks Inc. v. Masood, D2000-0131 (WIPO Apr. 13, 2000) (finding that the
Rules do not require that the Complainant's trademark or service mark be
registered by a government authority or agency for such rights to exist. Rights in the mark can be established by pending
trademark applications).
First, Respondent’s
<foxraceing.com> domain name
is confusingly similar to Complainant’s FOX mark because the domain name merely
adds the misspelled descriptive word “raceing.” The word “racing,” which is the proper spelling of “raceing,” has
an obvious connection to Complainant’s business in the motocross field. The addition of a generic word to
Complainant’s mark that has an obvious connection with Complainant’s business
does not defeat a confusing similarity claim.
See Space Imaging LLC v. Brownwell, AF-0298 (eResolution Sept. 22, 2000) (finding
confusing similarity where the Respondent’s domain name combines the
Complainant’s mark with a generic term that has an obvious relationship to the
Complainant’s business); see also Brown & Bigelow, Inc. v. Rodela, FA
96466 (Nat. Arb. Forum Mar. 5, 2001) (finding that the <hoylecasino.net>
domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s HOYLE mark, and that the
addition of “casino,” a generic word describing the type of business in which
Complainant is engaged, does not take the disputed domain name out of the realm
of confusing similarity).
Second, Respondent’s <foxraceing.com> domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s
FOX RACING mark because the domain name consists of a common misspelling of
Complainant’s mark. The only difference
in Respondent’s domain name as compared to Complainant’s mark is the misspelled
“raceing.” This is a common misspelling
of “racing” and is intended to take
advantage of a typographical error.
Therefore, Respondent’s domain name is not distinct and is confusingly
similar to Complainant’s mark. See Bama
Rags, Inc. v. Zuccarini, FA 94380 (Nat. Arb. Forum May 8, 2000) (finding
that the domain names, <davemathewsband.com> and
<davemattewsband.com>, are common misspellings and therefore confusingly
similar); see also Hewlett-Packard Co. v.
Zuccarini, FA 94454 (Nat. Arb. Forum May 30, 2000) (finding the domain name
<hewlitpackard.com> to be identical or confusingly similar to
Complainant’s HEWLETT-PACKARD mark); see
also Victoria’s Secret v. Zuccarini, FA 95762 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 18,
2000) (finding that, by misspelling words and adding letters to words, a
Respondent does not create a distinct mark but nevertheless renders it
confusingly similar to Complainant’s marks).
Accordingly, the Panel finds that Policy
¶ 4(a)(i) has been satisfied.
Rights or Legitimate Interests
In light of Complainant’s assertion that
Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name
and Respondent’s failure to respond, the Panel may presume Respondent has no
such rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. See
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce v. D3M
Virtual Reality Inc., AF-0336 (eResolution Sept. 23, 2000) (finding no
rights or legitimate interests where no such right or interest was immediately
apparent to the Panel and Respondent did not come forward to suggest any right
or interest it may have possessed).
Furthermore, when Respondent fails to submit a Response, the Panel is
permitted to make all inferences in favor of Complainant. See
Talk City, Inc.
v. Robertson, D2000-0009, (WIPO Feb. 29, 2000)
(“In the absence of a response, it is appropriate to accept as true all
allegations of the Complaint”).
Respondent uses the <foxraceing.com> domain name to re-direct unsuspecting
Internet users who misspell “racing” to a pornographic website. Respondent’s use is an attempt to
commercially benefit from the common typographical error of Complainant’s FOX
RACING mark. Such use does not
constitute a bona fide offering of goods or services pursuant to Policy ¶
4(c)(i), nor does it constitute legitimate noncommercial or fair use pursuant
to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). See MatchNet
plc v. MAC Trading, D2000-0205 (WIPO May 11, 2000) (finding that it is not
a bona fide offering of goods or services to use a domain name for commercial
gain by attracting Internet users to third party sites offering sexually
explicit and pornographic material, where such use is calculated to mislead
consumers and tarnish the Complainant’s mark); see also FAO Schwarz v.
Zuccarini, FA 95828 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 1, 2000) (finding no rights or
legitimate interests in the domain names <faoscwartz.com>, <foaschwartz.com>,
<faoshwartz.com>, and <faoswartz.com> where Respondent was using
these domain names to link to an advertising website); see also Encyclopaedia
Brittanica, Inc. v. Zuccarini, D2000-0330 (WIPO June 7, 2000) (finding that
fair use does not apply where the domain names are misspellings of
Complainant's mark).
Complainant never licensed or authorized
Respondent to use its FOX or FOX RACING mark.
Respondent is not commonly known as FOX RACEING or <foxraceing.com>.
Respondent is known by this Panel as John Zuccarini or alternatively
Cupcake Patrol. Therefore, Respondent
has no rights or legitimate interests in the domain name pursuant to Policy ¶
4(c)(ii). See Compagnie de Saint Gobain v. Com-Union
Corp., D2000-0020 (WIPO
Mar. 14, 2000) (finding no rights or legitimate interest where Respondent was
not commonly known by the mark and never applied for a license or permission
from Complainant to use the trademarked name); see also Am. Airlines, Inc.
v. Zuccarini, FA 95695 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 6, 2000) (finding no rights or
legitimate interest in the misspelled domain name <amaricanairlines.com> because Respondent was not authorized
to use Complainant's mark).
Accordingly, the Panel finds that
Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name,
thus, Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii) has been satisfied.
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Respondent, an infamous cybersquatter,
has an extensive history of registering domain names of well-known marks and
using them to direct Internet traffic to pornographic websites for commercial
gain. In fact, Respondent has
registered over 3,000 domain names, hundreds of which are misspellings of
famous marks and names like the current <foxraceing.com>
domain name. It is clear from
Respondent’s past conduct that registering the misspelling of Complainant’s FOX
RACING mark as a domain name was done in bad faith. See Budget Rent a Car Corp. v. Cupcake City,
D2000-1020 (WIPO Oct. 19, 2000) (finding a pattern of conduct in registering
domain names that infringe upon others’ marks where the Respondent has
registered over 1,300 domain names); see
also Gamesville.com, Inc. v.
Zuccarini, FA 95294 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 30, 2000) (finding that
Respondent has engaged in a pattern of conduct of registering domain names to
prevent the owner of the trademark from reflecting the mark in a corresponding
domain name, which is evidence of registration and use in bad faith).
Respondent uses the <foxraceing.com> domain name to re-direct Internet traffic to
a pornographic website. In doing so,
Respondent commercially benefits from each hit the website receives because of
the “pop-up” advertisements linked to the pornographic website. Respondent’s activity constitutes a bad
faith use of the domain name pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See
Geocities v. Geociites.com,
D2000-0326 (WIPO June 19, 2000) (finding bad faith where the Respondent linked
the domain name in question to websites displaying banner advertisements and
pornographic material); see also Bama
Rags, Inc. v. Zuccarini, FA 94380 (Nat. Arb. Forum May 8, 2000) (finding
bad faith where the Respondent attracted users to advertisements).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii)
has been satisfied.
DECISION
Having
established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel
concludes that the requested relief should be hereby GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <foxraceing.com> domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to
Complainant.
Judge Harold Kalina (Ret.), Panelist
Dated: July 8, 2002
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