Seaway Bolt & Specials Corp. v.
Digital Income Inc.
Claim Number: FA0206000114672
PARTIES
Complainant
is Seaway Bolt & Specials Corp.,
Columbia Station, OH, USA (“Complainant”).
Respondent is Digital Income Inc.,
Penticton, BC, CANADA (“Respondent”).
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <seaway.com>,
registered with Tucows.
PANEL
The
undersigned certifies that she has acted independently and impartially and to
the best of her knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this
proceeding.
Dawn
Osborne as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the “Forum”)
electronically on June 21, 2002; the Forum received a hard copy of the
Complaint on June 28, 2002.
On
June 24, 2002, Tucows confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that the domain name <seaway.com> is registered with Tucows
and that the Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Tucows has verified that Respondent is bound
by the Tucows registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve
domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN’s
Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Policy”).
On
July 2, 2002, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative
Proceeding (the “Commencement Notification”), setting a deadline of July 22,
2002 by which Respondent could file a Response to the Complaint, was
transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons
listed on Respondent’s registration as technical, administrative and billing
contacts, and to postmaster@seaway.com by e-mail.
A
timely Response was received and determined to be complete on July 17, 2002.
On 24 July, 2002, pursuant to Complainant’s request to
have the dispute decided by a single-member
Panel, the Forum appointed Dawn Osborne as
Panelist.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
A. Complainant
The
Complainant submits as follows:
Seaway
Bolt & Specials Corp has done business as Seaway since 1957 as a specialist
manufacturer of pipes, drain plugs and special fasteners. The Complainant is
known by and is distinguished from all others by the trade name “Seaway”. The trade name “Seaway” is the abbreviation
of its corporate name and this abbreviation has been in continual use since
1957.
Thomas
Gibson of the Respondent registered the domain name <seaway.com> with the sole intention of selling or leasing it
for a profit. The Respondent sent the Complainant a lease agreement stating
that the Respondent, while retaining ownership of the domain name would allow
the Complainant to use it for $350 per month. The Respondent also offered to
sell the domain name outright for $20,000 US. These amounts are clearly in
excess of the Respondent’s out of pocket costs directly related to the domain
name.
<Seaway.com> has never been used by Thomas Gibson of
the Respondent in connection with a bona fide offering of goods or services.
There
is no evidence of Thomas Gibson of the Respondent ever having been known as <seaway.com> either as an
individual, business or organization.
Thomas
Gibson of the Respondent is not making a legitimate non commercial or fair use
of <seaway.com>.
B. Respondent
The
Respondent submits as follows:
The
argument that the word Seaway is a worldwide recognized abbreviation of the
company “Seaway Bolt & Specials Corp” which “is known by and distinguished
from all others by the trade name Seaway” is somewhat far reaching and
presumptuous, as is the assertion that the word “Seaway” “…identifies its
products.”
The Respondent carried out searches for Seaway on two search
engines Alta Vista and Lycos. In the AltaVista search there were over 75
thousand hits for “Seaway”. Seaway Bolt and Specials Corp was not featured
until 13 pages and 134 sites into the search. In the Lycos Search, there were
over 220 thousand hits. The Respondent scanned the first 180 entries and could
not find any reference to the Complainant or its products. These results
suggest that the Complainant would have difficulty attracting customers to
their site by just using the word “seaway”.
The word “seaway” is a very small and non-descript part of the Complainant’s
corporate identity. “Seaway” is not confusingly similar to the Complainant’s
identity. The documents submitted by the Plaintiff show that they do not use
“Seaway” on its own only as part of “Seaway Bolt & Specials Corp”. The
Complainant’s own another domain name <SeawayBolt.com> which it could use
as its url.
The
Complainant does not appear to have a registered trade mark for “Seaway”.
The
Respondent is in the business of registering generic domain names such as
<looniebin.com>, <getseen.com> and <funkyteen.com>. <Seaway.com> was seen as short,
easy to spell and generic and is held for future development.
The
word “seaway” is generic and does not refer exclusively to the
Complainant.
The
Respondent has had a search engine site up and running for more than 2 years at
<seaway.com> which has become
identified with this name and url. If
they decide to use it for another purpose they will not offer pipe plugs or
threaded fittings in competition with the Complainant. This is a commercial and
fair use of the name.
It
was not the Respondent’s original purpose when registering the name to sell it
to the Complainant of whom they had never heard at the time. The Respondent has never engaged in a
pattern of contacting companies to sell domain names. The Complainant contacted
the Respondent to ask if the domain name was for sale and the Respondent’s
answer reflected the value the Respondent put on the name. It was not until one
and a half years later that the Complaint was issued. The Respondent is not a
cybersquatter, but is a domain name developer.
The
Respondent’s site at <seaway.com>
has in no way disrupted the business of the Complainant.
The
Complainant is trying to take or steal <seaway.com>
from the Respondent in order to profit from the added traffic generated by the
domain.
FINDINGS
The Complainant has traded using the name
“Seaway” in its trading name since 1957 in the United States in the field of
pipes, drain plugs and special fasteners.
The Respondent, based in Canada is a
dealer in domain names representing common words or phrases. It registered <seaway.com> in January 17, 2000
and has used it since then for a site featuring a search engine. After the
Complainant approached it, the Respondent offered to lease the name to the
Complainants for $350 a month or sell it for $20,000.
DISCUSSION
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name
Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”) instructs this Panel to “decide a
complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance
with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems
applicable.”
Paragraph
4(a) of the Policy requires that the Complainant must prove each of the
following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be
cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by the
Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark
in which the Complainant has rights;
(2) the Respondent has no rights or
legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3)
the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
The Complainant does not appear to have a
registered trade mark for “Seaway”. However, it has been trading using the name
“Seaway” in its trading name since 1957.
Such longstanding use in its field would be sufficient to give the
Complainant reputation and goodwill in the name “Seaway” in their field of
activity sufficient to give them unregistered or common law rights in the name
“Seaway” as a trade mark, at least where they are based in the United States,
sufficient to prevent another trader using “Seaway” to sell competing goods of
the same type in the United States. The Policy recognizes unregistered or
common law trade mark rights and, accordingly, the Complainant has shown that
it has rights in the trade mark “Seaway”.
Further, the Domain Name is identical to
the trade mark “Seaway” in which the Complainant has rights, the “.com” part of
the domain name not serving to distinguish the Domain Name from the
Complainant’s mark for the purposes of the Policy.
Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph
4 (c) of the Policy sets out some of the ways that a Respondent can demonstrate
its rights or legitimate interests to the Domain Name and these include that
before notice of the dispute the Respondent has used or made demonstrable
preparations to use the Domain Name in connection with a bona fide offering of
goods and services. The Respondent has used <seaway.com> as a site for search engine services since
registration.
I have held (below) that the Complainant
has failed to prove that the Domain Name has been registered and used in bad
faith. Because the domain name is a dictionary word and because the Complainant
has not shown that the Respondent knew about or should have known about the
Complainant at the time of registration, I am prepared to hold that the
Respondent’s use of <seaway.com>
as a search engine is bona fide and that the Respondent has a right or
legitimate interest in the Domain Name.
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Paragraph 4 (b) of the Policy sets out four non exclusive
criteria which shall be evidence of the registration and use of a domain name
in bad faith including (paraphrasing slightly to suit, but using the relevant section
numbering):
(i)
the
Respondent has registered or has acquired the domain name primarily for the
purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name
registration to the Complainant who is the owner of the trade mark or service
mark or to a competitor of that Complainant for valuable consideration in
excess of the Respondent’s documented out-of-pocket costs directly related to
the domain name; and
(iv)
by using
the domain name, the Respondent has intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial
gain, Internet users to its web site or other on-line location, by creating a
likelihood of confusion with the Complainant’s mark as to the source,
sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of its web site or location or of a
product or service on its web site or location.
It is
interesting that the Complainant did not contend that the Respondent was
intentionally attempting to attract users to its site by creating a likelihood
of confusion with the Complainant’s mark. This could suggest that the Complainant
is not particularly well known internationally or outside its own sphere of
activity and that “Seaway” is not particularly well known as a trade mark
internationally to members of the public not in the same trade as the
Complainant.
Seaway
is a dictionary word. The Respondent, based in Canada, a different country to
the Complainant and with no apparent connection with any trade similar to the
Complainant maintains the Domain
Name was registered as a generic domain name. The Complainant has produced no
evidence that the Respondent is a cybersquatter, but relies on the fact that
the Respondent offered to lease or sell the domain name to the Complainant for
not inconsiderable sums, certainly in excess of registration costs. However,
the Complainant approached the Respondent and domain name speculation in
domains reflecting ordinary dictionary words is not bad faith unless the
Respondent registered the name with the intention of selling to the Complainant
or a competitor of the Complainant. Seaway Bolt & Specials Corp would not
appear to be a particularly well known company outside its field. The
Complainant has not proven that the Respondent knew about the Complainant at
the time that it registered the name or that it should have known about the Complainant.
For this reason, there is no evidence that the domain name was registered in
bad faith.
DECISION
In light of
the foregoing the Panel decides that, although the Domain Name <seaway.com> is identical to a
trade mark in which the Complainant has rights, the Respondent has shown that
it has a right or legitimate interest in the Domain Name and the Complainant
has failed to show that the Domain Name was registered or used in bad faith.
The Complainant having failed to
provide the evidence necessary to satisfy all three limbs of section 4 (a) of
the Policy, the Complaint is hereby dismissed.
Dawn Osborne, Panelist
Dated: August 5, 2002
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