PGI, Inc. v. Publishing Group
International, Inc. d/b/a PGI Travel
Claim Number: FA0207000116731
PARTIES
Complainant
is PGI, Inc., Arlington, VA
(“Complainant”) represented by Ellen
Mosher, of PGI, Inc. Respondent is Publishing Group International, Orlando, FL (“Respondent”)
represented by Kerry Bludworth.
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <pgitravel.com>,
registered with 1stDomain.net.
PANEL
The
undersigned certifies that he has acted independently and impartially and to
the best of his knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this
proceeding.
Louis
E. Condon as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the “Forum”)
electronically on July 18, 2002; the Forum received a hard copy of the
Complaint on July 18, 2002.
On
July 23, 2002, 1stDomain.net confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that the domain
name <pgitravel.com> is
registered with 1stDomain.net and that the Respondent is the current registrant
of the name. 1stDomain.net has verified
that Respondent is bound by the 1stDomain.net registration agreement and has
thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in
accordance with ICANN’s Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the
“Policy”).
On
July 24, 2002, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative
Proceeding (the “Commencement Notification”), setting a deadline of August 13,
2002 by which Respondent could file a Response to the Complaint, was
transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons
listed on Respondent’s registration as technical, administrative and billing
contacts, and to postmaster@pgitravel.com by e-mail.
A
late Response was received and determined to be complete on August 19, 2002.
See Telstra Corp. v. Chu, D2000-0423 (WIPO June 21,
2000) (finding that any weight to be given to the lateness of the Response is
solely in the discretion of the Panelist).
On September 5, 2002, pursuant to Complainant’s request
to have the dispute decided by a single-member
Panel, the Forum appointed Louis E. Condon as
Panelist.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
A.
Complainant
Complainant
owns three service marks registered with the United States Patent and Trademark
Office for its PGI mark (Reg. Nos. 1,974,737; 2,369,953; 2,260,237); one
Canadian service mark registration (Reg. No. TMA 555,157); and one service mark registration in the
European Union (Reg. No. 1,057,876).
All of the PGI marks are registered in relation to travel services and
airport visitor greeting services.
Complainant provides housing, registration and travel packages,
including hotel accommodations and other travel-related services, for
exhibitors, attendees and vendors at over 19 national and international trade
shows, conventions and hundreds of corporate events.
Complainant
asserts that Respondent’s <pgitravel.com> domain name is confusingly
similar to Complainant’s PGI mark because it incorporates Complainant’s entire
PGI mark and merely adds the descriptive term “travel” to the end of it. Complainant notes that the term “travel”
describes Complainant’s business and therefore further adds to the
confusion.
Complainant
asserts that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed
domain name because it is attempting to benefit from the confusion created by
the disputed domain name. Complainant
asserts that Internet users are likely to believe that any domain name selling
travel services and using the mark PGI will lead Internet users to believe that
the domain name is associated with Complainant.
Complainant
asserts that Respondent, a recently incorporated company in Florida, is
commonly known as Publishing Group International, not PGI and therefore,
Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name
pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii).
Complainant asserts that Respondent had
constructive notice of Complainant’s rights in the PGI mark when it registered
the disputed domain name.
Complainant
asserts that Respondent offered to sell the domain name to Complainant. Complainant asserts that this is evidence of
bad faith pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(i).
B.
Respondent
Respondent
asserts that it has rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name
because it reflects its business name, and Respondent is making use of the
domain name to sell its services.
Furthermore, Respondent asserts that many businesses use the initials
PGI, and therefore Complainant should not have exclusive use of the mark on the
Internet.
Respondent
asserts that it is completely willing to work with Complainant to write a
mutually satisfactory disclaimer to post on Respondent’s website.
Respondent
also asserts that Complainant’s business is very different than Respondent’s,
and as a result, Respondent is not offering a competing service under a similar
mark thereby eliminating any Internet user confusion. Respondent asserts that it makes travel arrangements for one or
two people, whereas Complainant’s company deals specifically with event
management and group arrangements.
Respondent agrees that this involves travel, but travel is just one
small facet of Complainant’s whole service.
Respondent on the other hand deals only with travel arrangements for one
or two people at a time in connection with the sale of resort interests.
Respondent
denies all bad faith allegations from Complainant. Respondent asserts that it registered the disputed domain name
<pgitravel.com> in good faith because it reflects Respondent’s
business name and the business Respondent is engaged in
Respondent
further notes that it never meant to offer the domain name for sale at any cost
to Complainant. Respondent asserts that
its attorney misinterpreted a statement made as a willingness to sell the
domain name. The domain name has never
been for sale to Complainant, nor is Respondent willing to part with it
DISCUSSION
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name
Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”) instructs this Panel to “decide a
complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance
with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems
applicable.”
Paragraph
4(a) of the Policy requires that the Complainant must prove each of the
following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be
cancelled or transferred:
(1)
the domain name registered by the Respondent is identical or confusingly
similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights;
(2)
the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain
name; and
(3)
the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
Respondent acknowledges that Complainant owns a
service mark for PGI but notes that Respondent’s company name “Publishing Group
International” is also abbreviated into the same three letters “PGI,” as are
many other companies. Therefore
Complainant cannot have exclusive rights to the PGI mark on the Internet.
See VeriSign Inc. v.
VeneSign C.A., D2000-0303 (WIPO June 28, 2000) (finding that Respondent has
rights and a legitimate interest in the domain name since the domain name
reflects Respondent’s company name); see also Philippe Tenenhaus v. Telepathy,
Inc., FA 94355 (Nat. Arb. Forum
May 17, 2000) (finding that Respondent has rights and legitimate interests
where Complainant failed to show that he should be granted exclusive use of the
domain name, <daf.com>, as many other organizations use the generic term
"DAF" and that it was not available to him at the time he commenced
business utilizing the name); see also Donald J. Trump and
Trump Hotel & Casino Resorts, Inc. v. olegevtushenko a/k/a Oleg Evtushenko,
FA 101509 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 11, 2001) (finding that
<porntrumps.com> does not infringe on Complainant’s famous mark TRUMP,
since Complainant does not have the exclusive right to use every form of the
word “trump”).
Rights or Legitimate Interests
Respondent
is actively engaged in a legitimate business offering travel to small groups
meeting specific qualifications and who must agree to tour resort properties as
a part of the travel arrangement. The difference from the Complainant’s
business is readily apparent on reading the web page. See Goldline Int’l,
Inc. v. Gold Line, D2000-1151 (WIPO Jan. 4, 2001) (finding that Respondent
could have legitimate interest in developing a mark identical to Complainant’s
where mark was weak and Respondent operated in unrelated field); see also
Fuji Photo Film Co. v. Fuji Publ'g. Group,
D2000-0409 (WIPO July 2, 2000) (finding that Respondent had rights and
legitimate interests in the domain name <fuji.com> where Respondent was
using the domain name in connection with software services).
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
The
wording in the letter from Respondent’s attorney appears to be an effort to
settle a dispute. The Respondent vehemently denies that the name is or was for
sale and accredits the offer to a misunderstanding on the attorney’s part. See
Mark Warner 2001 v. Larson, FA 95746
(Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 15, 2000) (finding that considering or offering to sell a
domain name is insufficient to amount to bad faith under the Policy; the domain
name must be registered primarily for
the purpose of selling it to the owner of trademark for an amount in excess of
out-of-pocket expenses); see also LifePlan
v. Life Plan, FA 94826 (Nat. Arb. Forum July 13, 2000) (finding that “the
mere offering [of the domain name for sale], without more, does not indicate
circumstances suggesting that Respondent registered the domain name primarily
for the purpose of selling…the domain name to the Complainant”).
Respondent asserts it registered the
domain name in good faith because it reflects Respondent’s business name and
the business in which it is engaged. See
Loris Azzaro BV, SARL v. Asterix & De
Vasconcellos, D2000-0608 (WIPO Sept. 4, 2000) (“Mere belief and indignation
by Complainant that Respondents have registered and are using the Domain Name
in bad faith are insufficient to warrant the making of such a finding in the
absence of conclusive evidence”); see also Vision Ctr. Northwest Inc. v. Individual, FA 96478 (Nat. Arb. Forum
Mar. 14, 2001) (finding no bad faith given the totality of circumstances); see
also Goldmasters Precious Metals v.
Gold Masters srl, FA 95246 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 21, 2000) (finding no bad
faith even though Respondent’s ownership and purported use of the domain name
frustrates Complainant’s efforts where the record does not indicate any purpose
or intent on the part of Respondent to prevent Complainant from reflecting its
mark in a corresponding domain name, to disrupt the business of a competitor, or
to intentionally attract the customers of Complainant to Respondent’s site by
creating a likelihood of confusion).
FINDINGS
The domain name registered by Respondent
is identical to Complainant’s trademark; however, Complainant’s mark is weak
and Respondent clearly operates in a different field of travel.
Respondent has rights or legitimate
interests in respect to the domain name.
The domain name has not been registered
in bad faith and is not being used in bad faith.
DECISION
Because Complainant has failed to make
out its case as required by the Rules, Respondent is allowed to keep the domain
name. Because the three letters are identical, in accordance with Respondent’s
offer and requested remedy, the parties should jointly “coin a disclosure
statement that can be posted on the Respondent’s web site”.
Louis E. Condon,
Panelist
September 16, 2002
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