Skype Limited v. Roeshar LLC c/o Erik Mannon
Claim Number: FA0811001234547
Complainant is Skype Limited (“Complainant”), represented by Jerl
B. Leutz, of Genga & Associates, P.C.,
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN
NAME
The domain name at issue is <skypeacademy.com>, registered with Enom, Inc.
The undersigned certifies that he or she has acted independently and impartially and to the best of his or her knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this proceeding.
Tyrus R. Atkinson, Jr., as Panelist.
Complainant submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum electronically on November 17, 2008; the National Arbitration Forum received a hard copy of the Complaint on November 19, 2008.
On November 18, 2008, Enom, Inc. confirmed by e-mail to the National Arbitration Forum that the <skypeacademy.com> domain name is registered with Enom, Inc. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Enom, Inc. has verified that Respondent is bound by the Enom, Inc. registration agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy").
On November 26, 2008, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding (the "Commencement Notification"), setting a deadline of December 16, 2008 by which Respondent could file a response to the Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical, administrative and billing contacts, and to postmaster@skypeacademy.com by e-mail.
Having received no response from Respondent, the National Arbitration Forum transmitted to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On December 22, 2008, pursuant to Complainant's request to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel, the National Arbitration Forum appointed Tyrus R. Atkinson, Jr., as Panelist.
Having reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the "Panel") finds that the National Arbitration Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to Respondent." Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the National Arbitration Forum's Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any response from Respondent.
Complainant requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
A. Complainant makes the following assertions:
1. Respondent’s <skypeacademy.com> domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s SKYPE mark.
2. Respondent does not have any rights or legitimate interests in the <skypeacademy.com> domain name.
3. Respondent registered and used the <skypeacademy.com> domain name in bad faith.
B. Respondent failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
Complainant, Skype Limited, has continuously used its SKYPE mark throughout the world since March 2003 in connection with its software that enables voice and other communications over the Internet. Complainant holds registrations of its SKYPE mark in numerous countries, including with the Australian trademark authority (Reg. No. 988,248 issued February 9, 2004) and with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) (Reg. No. 3,005,039 October 4, 2005).
Respondent registered the <skypeacademy.com> domain name on September 8, 2008. The disputed domain name resolves to a website that displays hyperlinks to various unrelated third-party websites and a message offering to sell the disputed domain name.
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to "decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable."
In view of Respondent's failure to submit a response, the Panel shall decide this administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's undisputed representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of the Rules. The Panel is entitled to accept all reasonable allegations and inferences set forth in the Complaint as true unless the evidence is clearly contradictory. See Vertical Solutions Mgmt., Inc. v. webnet-marketing, inc., FA 95095 (Nat. Arb. Forum July 31, 2000) (holding that the respondent’s failure to respond allows all reasonable inferences of fact in the allegations of the complaint to be deemed true); see also Talk City, Inc. v. Robertson, D2000-0009 (WIPO Feb. 29, 2000) (“In the absence of a response, it is appropriate to accept as true all allegations of the Complaint.”).
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy requires that Complainant must prove each of the following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
The Panel finds that Complainant has sufficiently established rights in the SKYPE mark under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) because it holds a registration of the mark with the Australian trademark authority and the USPTO. See Vivendi Universal Games v. XBNetVentures Inc., FA 198803 (Nat. Arb. Forum Nov. 11, 2003) (“Complainant's federal trademark registrations establish Complainant's rights in the BLIZZARD mark.”); see also Janus Int’l Holding Co. v. Rademacher, D2002-0201 (WIPO Mar. 5, 2002) ("Panel decisions have held that registration of a mark is prima facie evidence of validity, which creates a rebuttable presumption that the mark is inherently distinctive.").
Respondent’s <skypeacademy.com>
domain name contains Complainant’s entire mark and merely adds the generic
top-level domain (“gTLD”) “.com” and the generic term “academy.” The Panel finds that the addition of this generic
term does not distinguish the disputed domain name from Complainant’s mark for
the purposes of confusing similarity under Policy ¶ 4(a)(i). Moreover, the inclusion of a gTLD is
immaterial. Therefore, the Panel finds
that the disputed domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark
under Policy ¶ (a)(i).
See Oki Data Ams., Inc. v. ASD, Inc., D2001-0903 (WIPO Nov. 6,
2001) (“[T]he fact that a domain name wholly incorporates a Complainant’s
registered mark is sufficient to establish identity [sic] or confusing
similarity for purposes of the Policy despite the addition of other words to
such marks”); see also Arthur Guinness Son & Co. (
The Panel finds that
Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) has been satisfied.
At the outset, Complainant must make a prima facie showing that Respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the <skypeacademy.com> domain name. Then the burden shifts to Respondent and Respondent must establish that it has rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. The Panel finds that Complainant has sufficiently made its prima facie showing under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii). See Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires v. Greenpeace Int’l, D2001-0376 (WIPO May 14, 2001) (“Proving that the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Domain Name requires the Complainant to prove a negative. For the purposes of this sub paragraph, however, it is sufficient for the Complainant to show a prima facie case and the burden of proof is then shifted on to the shoulders of Respondent. In those circumstances, the common approach is for respondents to seek to bring themselves within one of the examples of paragraph 4(c) or put forward some other reason why they can fairly be said to have a relevant right or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name in question.”); see also G.D. Searle v. Martin Mktg., FA 118277 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 1, 2002) (“Because Complainant’s Submission constitutes a prima facie case under the Policy, the burden effectively shifts to Respondent. Respondent’s failure to respond means that Respondent has not presented any circumstances that would promote its rights or legitimate interests in the subject domain name under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii).”).
In addition, because Respondent has not responded to
Complainant’s allegations, the Panel may presume that Respondent lacks rights
and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. However, the Panel in its discretion chooses
to examine the record to determine whether Respondent has any
rights or legitimate interests pursuant to the factors under Policy ¶
4(c). See Am. Express
Respondent’s <skypeacademy.com> domain name resolves to a website that displays several hyperlinks to various unrelated third-party websites. Accordingly, the Panel infers that Respondent receives click-through fees for these hyperlinks. The Panel finds that this constitutes a diversion of Internet users for a fee, and is thus not a bona fide offering of goods or services under Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) or a legitimate noncommercial or fair use under Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). See Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha v. CS into Tech, FA 198795 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 6, 2003) (“Diverting customers, who are looking for products relating to the famous SEIKO mark, to a website unrelated to the mark is not a bona fide offering of goods or services under Policy ¶ 4(c)(i), nor does it represent a noncommercial or fair use under Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii).”); see also WeddingChannel.com Inc. v. Vasiliev, FA 156716 (Nat. Arb. Forum June 12, 2003) (finding that the respondent’s use of the disputed domain name to redirect Internet users to websites unrelated to the complainant’s mark, websites where the respondent presumably receives a referral fee for each misdirected Internet user, was not a bona fide offering of goods or services as contemplated by the Policy).
Furthermore, Respondent’s WHOIS information, which
identifies Respondent as “Roeshar LLC” c/o “Erik Mannon,” indicates that
Respondent is not commonly known by the <skypeacademy.com>
domain name. Respondent has not provided any
evidence to suggest otherwise.
Accordingly, the Panel finds that Respondent is not commonly known by
the <skypeacademy.com>
domain name under Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). See Tercent
Inc. v. Lee Yi, FA 139720 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 10, 2003) (stating
“nothing in Respondent’s WHOIS information implies that Respondent is ‘commonly
known by’ the disputed domain name” as one factor in determining that Policy ¶
4(c)(ii) does not apply); see also Ian Schrager Hotels, L.L.C. v.
Taylor, FA 173369 (Nat. Arb. Forum Sept.
25, 2003) (finding that without demonstrable evidence to support the assertion
that a respondent is commonly known by a domain name, the assertion must be
rejected).
In addition, the
website displays an offer to sell the disputed domain name. Accordingly, the Panel finds that
Respondent’s willingness to part with the disputed domain name is evidence that
Respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name
under Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii). See Mothers
Against Drunk Driving v. Hyun-Jun Shin, FA 154098 (Nat. Arb. Forum
May 27, 2003) (holding that under the circumstances, the respondent’s apparent
willingness to dispose of its rights in the disputed domain name
suggested that it lacked rights or legitimate interests in the domain name); see also Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Stork,
D2000-0628 (WIPO Aug. 11, 2000) (finding the respondent’s conduct purporting to
sell the domain name suggests it has no legitimate use).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii) has been satisfied.
Respondent’s
website resolving from the disputed domain displays an offer to sell the
disputed domain. Thus, the Panel finds
that Respondent’s general offer to sell the <skypeacademy.com> domain name is evidence of bad faith
registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(i) as
Respondent primarily intended such a sale. See Bank of Am. Corp. v. Nw. Free
Cmty. Access, FA 180704 (Nat. Arb. Forum
Sept. 30, 2003) (“Respondent's general offer of the disputed domain name
registration for sale establishes that the domain name was registered in bad
faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(i).”); see also
Am. Online, Inc. v. Avrasya
Yayincilik Danismanlik Ltd., FA 93679 (Nat. Arb. Forum Mar. 16, 2000)
(finding bad faith where the respondent offered domain names for sale).
Moreover,
Respondent is presumably using the confusingly similar <skypeacademy.com> domain name and aforementioned
hyperlinks for commercial gain. The
Panel finds that this creates a likelihood of confusion as to Complainant’s
affiliation with the <skypeacademy.com>
domain name and is evidence of bad faith
registration and use under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See Ass’n of Junior Leagues
Int’l Inc. v. This Domain Name My Be For
The Panel finds that Policy ¶
4(a)(iii) has been satisfied.
Having established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it is Ordered that the <skypeacademy.com> domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
Tyrus R. Atkinson, Jr., Panelist
Dated: January 5, 2008
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