DECISION
America Online, Inc. v. Jason
Claim Number: FA0211000133752
PARTIES
Complainant
is America Online, Inc., Dulles, VA,
USA (“Complainant”) represented by James
R. Davis, II, of Arent Fox Kintner
Plotkin & Kahn. Respondent is Jason, HONG KONG, CHINA
(“Respondent”).
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <icqtogo.com>,
registered with Dotster, Inc.
PANEL
The
undersigned certifies that he has acted independently and impartially and to
the best of his knowledge has no known conflict in serving as Panelist in this
proceeding.
Hon.
Ralph Yachnin as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the “Forum”)
electronically on November 15, 2002; the Forum received a hard copy of the
Complaint on November 15, 2002.
On
November 15, 2002, Dotster, Inc. confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that the
domain name <icqtogo.com> is
registered with Dotster, Inc. and that Respondent is the current registrant of
the name. Dotster, Inc. has verified
that Respondent is bound by the Dotster, Inc. registration agreement and has
thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in
accordance with ICANN’s Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the
“Policy”).
On
November 19, 2002, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of
Administrative Proceeding (the “Commencement Notification”), setting a deadline
of December 10, 2002 by which Respondent could file a Response to the
Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent via e-mail to postmaster@icqtogo.com.
No
attempt was made to deliver the Commencement Notification via post or fax due
to the lack of information provided by Respondent when initially registering
the disputed domain name.
Having
received no Response from Respondent, using the same contact details and
methods as were used for the Commencement Notification, the Forum transmitted
to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On
December 27, 2002, pursuant to Complainant’s request to have the dispute
decided by a single-member Panel, the Forum appointed Hon. Ralph Yachnin as
Panelist.
Having
reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the “Panel”)
finds that the Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of
the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”) “to
employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to
Respondent.” Therefore, the Panel may
issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the
ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the Forum’s Supplemental Rules and any rules and
principles of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any
Response from Respondent.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
A.
Complainant
1. Respondent’s
<icqtogo.com> domain name is
confusingly similar to Complainant’s registered ICQ mark.
2. Respondent
does not have rights to or legitimate interests in the <icqtogo.com> domain name.
3. Respondent registered and used the <icqtogo.com> domain name in
bad faith.
B.
Respondent
Respondent
failed to submit a Response in this proceeding.
FINDINGS
Complainant has developed an online
community through its use of the ICQ mark.
Complainant is the owner of numerous marks, inter alia, ICQ, ICQMAIL, ICQPHONE, ICQCOMMUNITY and ICQ2GO
(collectively the “ICQ Mark”). Since at least 1996, Complainant and its
predecessor in interest have been using the ICQ Mark in connection with computer
and Internet related goods and services. Most notably of its endeavors has been
the ICQ network online community, which, since its inception, has been
downloaded over 200,000,000 times worldwide.
Complainant registered the ICQ Mark with
the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). The ICQ Mark is listed
with the USPTO on the Principle Register (e.g., Reg. No. 2,411,657). Moreover,
the ICQ Mark is registered in several other countries, including Hong Kong and
China, the countries where Respondent is listed as residing.
Complainant advertises the ICQ Mark
extensively both domestically and abroad. Sales of services related to, and
affiliated with the ICQ Mark have been substantial and Complainant has thus
developed a reputation associated with the ICQ Mark and the goods associated
with it.
Respondent registered the disputed domain
name on June 1, 2002. Respondent’s disputed domain name and corresponding
website are currently offering services that are substantially similar to the
services that Complainant offers through its ICQ and ICQ2GO marks. The website
states, “Welcome to ICQtoGO.com” and “Now you can ICQ Anytime & Anywhere
you want! At Work, at School, and while on the GO!” There is no licensed or otherwise acceptable affiliation between
Complainant and Respondent. Respondent also uses metatags to identify itself as
ICQtoGO.
DISCUSSION
Paragraph
15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to “decide a complaint on the basis of
the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these
Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable.”
In
view of Respondent's failure to submit a Response, the Panel shall decide this
administrative proceeding on the basis of the Complainant's undisputed
representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and
draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of
the Rules.
Paragraph
4(a) of the Policy requires that the Complainant must prove each of the
following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be
cancelled or transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent
is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which
Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate
interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3)
the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
Complainant has established rights in the
ICQ Mark through registration with the USTPO and subsequent continuous use of
the mark.
Respondent’s disputed domain name is
confusingly similar to that of Complainant’s registered mark. Respondent’s <icqtogo.com> incorporates the
entire ICQ mark, and is phonetically identical to Complainant’s ICQ2GO mark. Knowing
that the ICQ family of marks is so well known throughout the world, changing
“2” to “to” is not adequate to create a distinct and unique domain name that is
not confusingly similar to Complainant’s marks. See Am. Online, Inc. v. Tencent Comm. Corp., FA 93668 (Nat. Arb.
Forum Mar. 21, 2000) (finding that <oicq.net> and <oicq.com> are
confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark, ICQ); see also Martin v. MDD, Inc, AF-0310 (eResolution Oct. 4, 2000)
(finding that the domain name <blueridgeknife.com> is identical to
Complainant’s registered marks BLUE RIDGE KNIVES).
Respondent uses metatags to mimic
Complainant’s ICQ mark. Metatags are keywords used by Internet search engines
to distinguish one website from another. When the ICQ mark is searched for,
someone searching for Complainant could, in actuality, be directed to
Respondent. Respondent can be said to intentionally have a confusingly similar
domain name. See Freebies Publ’g v. Retail Servs., Inc., FA 112565 (Nat. Arb. Forum
July 8, 2002) (finding Respondent’s use of Complainant’s FREEBIES mark in
meta-tags, which are keywords used by search engines to classify pages for
searches, provides evidence that Respondent intended to confuse Internet users
as to the source and sponsorship of its domain name”).
Accordingly, the Panel finds that Policy
¶ 4(a)(i) has thus been satisfied.
Rights or Legitimate Interests
Respondent did not respond to
Complainant’s allegations, thereby allowing the Panel to accept all reasonable
inferences alleged by Complainant. Moreover, by Respondent failing to reply, it
has failed to fulfill its burden of demonstrating rights or legitimate
interests in the disputed domain name over the allegations of Complainant. See
Do the Hustle, LLC v. Tropic Web,
D2000-0624 (WIPO Aug. 21, 2000) (“Failure of a respondent to come forward to
[contest complainant’s allegations] is tantamount to admitting the truth of
complainant’s assertion in this regard”);
see also Desotec N.V. v. Jacobi
Carbons AB, D2000-1398 (WIPO Dec. 21, 2000) (finding that failing to
respond allows a presumption that Complainant’s allegations are true unless
clearly contradicted by the evidence).
There is no evidence that contradicts the allegations of Complainant. Complainant has presented evidence that
substantiates its claim that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests
in the contested domain name.
Complainant engages in Internet sales and
services through use of the ICQ mark, including offering e-mail and an online
network of communication. Respondent, through the disputed domain name <icqtogo.com>, is attempting to offer similar
services. There is no bona fide
offering of goods and services or legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the
domain name under Policy ¶ ¶ 4(c)(i)-(iii) when Respondent attempts to use a
name that is confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark and operates within the
same industry as Complainant. See Chip
Merch., Inc. v. Blue Star Elec., D2000-0474 (WIPO Aug. 21, 2000) (finding
that the disputed domain names were confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark
and that Respondent’s use of the domain names to sell competing goods was
illegitimate and not a bona fide offering of goods); see also Am. Online, Inc. v. Fu, D2000-1374 (WIPO Dec. 11, 2000)
(finding that “[I]t would be unconscionable to find a bona fide offering of
services in a respondent’s operation of web-site using a domain name which is
confusingly similar to the Complainant’s mark and for the same business”).
There has been no evidence affirming that
Respondent has a considerable association with, or is known by the <icqtogo.com> name. Complainant
has established itself as the sole possessor of all legitimate rights and
interests in the ICQ mark. Moreover, Complainant has had rights in the mark
that precede the registration of the disputed domain name. Since Respondent has
not come forward with any evidence to legitimize its use of Complainant’s mark,
and uses a confusingly similar domain name to provide services similar in
nature to Complainant, it can be inferred that Respondent has no rights to the
domain name pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). See
Compagnie de Saint Gobain v. Com-Union Corp., D2000-0020 (WIPO Mar. 14,
2000) (finding no rights or legitimate interest where Respondent was not
commonly known by the mark and never applied for a license or permission from
Complainant to use the trademarked name); see
also Nokia Corp. v. Private, D2000-1271 (WIPO Nov. 3, 2000) (finding that
Respondent is not commonly known by the mark contained in the domain name where
Complainant has not permitted Respondent to use the NOKIA mark and no other
facts or elements can justify prior rights or a legitimate connection to the
names “Nokia” and/or “wwwNokia”). Respondent has not established under Policy ¶
4(c)(ii) that it is commonly known by <icqtogo.com>,
and alternatively, Complainant has shown that Respondent would be unable to do
so even if a response had been filed.
Accordingly, the Panel finds that Policy
¶ 4(a)(ii) has thus been satisfied.
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Respondent registered and is using the
disputed domain name in bad faith.
Complainant’s ICQ Mark is registered with
the relevant Chinese and Hong Kong trademark authorities. Respondent was placed
on constructive notice of the registered trademark by virtue of Complainant’s registration
of the marks in China and Hong Kong, Respondent’s suggested place of domicile.
Respondent’s registration of the disputed domain name thereafter, containing
the distinctive service mark, is an indication of bad faith registration. See Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Fisher,
D2000-1412 (WIPO Dec. 18. 2000) (finding that Respondent had actual and
constructive knowledge of Complainant’s EXXON mark given the worldwide
prominence of the mark and thus Respondent registered the domain name in bad
faith); see also Digi Int’l v. DDI Sys.,
FA 124506 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 24, 2002) (holding that “there is a legal
presumption of bad faith, when Respondent reasonably should have been aware of
Complainant’s trademarks, actually or constructively”).
Respondent has intentionally tried to
attract Internet traffic to its website by attempting to capitalize on the fame
of the ICQ Mark that Complainant has developed. Respondent provides similar
services at its commercial website, thereby attempting to intentionally confuse
Internet consumers. It is evidence of bad faith under Policy¶ 4(b)(iv) when one
tries to intentionally attract Internet users to its cite for commercial gain
by means of intentional confusion between a respondent’s domain name and a
complainant’s mark. See Luck's Music Library v. Stellar Artist
Mgmt., FA 95650 (Nat. Arb. Forum Oct. 30, 2000) (finding that Respondent
had engaged in bad faith use and registration by linking the domain name to a
website that offers services similar to Complainant’s services, intentionally
attempting to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to its website by
creating a likelihood of confusion with Complainant’s marks); see also Perot Sys. Corp. v. Perot.net,
FA 95312 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 29, 2000) (finding bad faith where the domain
name in question is obviously connected with Complainant’s well-known marks,
thus creating a likelihood of confusion strictly for commercial gain).
Accordingly, the Panel finds that Policy
¶ 4(a)(iii) has thus been satisfied.
DECISION
Having established all three elements
required under the ICANN policy, the Panel concludes that the requested relief
shall be and hereby is granted.
Accordingly, it is ordered that the
domain name <icqtogo.com> be hereby transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
Hon. Ralph Yachnin, Panelist
Justice, Supreme Court, NY (Ret.)
Dated: December 30, 2002
Click Here to return to the main Domain Decisions
Page.
Click Here to return to our Home Page