Lockheed Martin Corporation v. Randy
Roberson
Claim Number: FA0409000323762
PARTIES
Complainant
is Lockheed Martin Corporation (“Complainant”),
represented by Susan Okin Goldsmith,
of Duane Morris LLP, 100 College Road West, Suite 100, Princeton,
NJ 08540. Respondent is Randy Roberson (“Respondent”), 3709 W.
Griflow St., Tampa, FL 33629.
REGISTRAR AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <skunkwerxmotorsports.us>,
registered with Register.com.
PANEL
The
undersigned certifies that he or she has acted independently and impartially
and to the best of his or her knowledge has no known conflict in serving as
Panelist in this proceeding.
Tyrus
R. Atkinson, Jr., as Panelist.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the “Forum”)
electronically on September 3, 2004; the Forum received a hard copy of the
Complaint on September 7, 2004.
On
September 7, 2004, Register.com confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that the
domain name <skunkwerxmotorsports.us>
is registered with Register.com and that Respondent is the current registrant
of the name. Register.com has verified
that Respondent is bound by the Register.com registration agreement and has
thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by third parties in
accordance with the U.S. Department of Commerce’s usTLD Dispute Resolution
Policy (the “Policy”).
On
September 8, 2004, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of
Administrative Proceeding (the “Commencement Notification”), setting a deadline
of September 28, 2004 by which Respondent could file a Response to the
Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent in compliance with Paragraph 2(a) of
the Rules for usTLD Dispute Resolution Policy (the “Rules”).
Having
received no Response from Respondent, using the same contact details and
methods as were used for the Commencement Notification, the Forum transmitted
to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On
October 5, 2004, pursuant to Complainant’s request to have the dispute decided
by a single-member Panel, the Forum appointed Tyrus R. Atkinson, Jr., as
Panelist.
Having
reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the “Panel”)
finds that the Forum has discharged its responsibility under Paragraph 2(a) of
the Rules. Therefore, the Panel may
issue its decision based on the documents submitted and in accordance with the
Policy, the Rules, the Forum’s Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles
of law that the Panel deems applicable, without the benefit of any Response
from Respondent.
RELIEF SOUGHT
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
A. Complainant makes the following
assertions:
1. Respondent’s <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name is confusingly similar
to Complainant’s SKUNK WORKS mark.
2. Respondent
does not have any rights or legitimate interests in the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name.
3. Respondent registered and/or used the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain
name in bad faith.
B. Respondent failed to submit a Response in
this proceeding.
FINDINGS
Complainant holds several registrations
with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) for the SKUNK WORKS mark,
including Reg. Nos. 1,161,482 and 2,488,844 (registered on July 14, 1981 and
September 11, 2001 respectively).
Respondent registered the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain
name on April 23, 2003. Prior to
receiving a cease and desist letter from Complainant, the domain name resolved
to a commercial website related to motor sports. Following the cease and desist letter, Respondent agreed to
discontinue using the domain name and transfer the registration to
Complainant. Respondent’s domain name
is no longer active but has not been transferred to Complainant.
DISCUSSION
Paragraph 15(a) of the Rules instructs this Panel to
“decide a complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted in
accordance with the Policy, these Rules and any rules and principles of law
that it deems applicable.”
In view of
Respondent's failure to submit a Response, the Panel shall decide this
administrative proceeding on the basis of the Complainant's undisputed
representations pursuant to Paragraphs 5(f), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and
draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to Paragraph 14(b) of
the Rules.
Paragraph
4(a) of the Policy requires that the Complainant must prove each of the
following three elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be
cancelled or transferred:
(1)
the domain name registered by the Respondent is identical or confusingly
similar to a trademark or service mark in which the Complainant has rights; and
(2)
the Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain
name; and
(3)
the domain name has been registered or is being used in bad faith.
Given
the similarity between the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy
(“UDRP”) and the usTLD Policy, the Panel will draw upon UDRP precedent as
applicable in rendering its decision.
Identical and/or Confusingly Similar
Complainant has established rights in the
SKUNK WORKS mark through registration with the USPTO. See Men’s Wearhouse, Inc. v. Wick, FA 117861 (Nat.
Arb. Forum Sept. 16, 2002) (“Under U.S. trademark law, registered marks hold a
presumption that they are inherently distinctive and have acquired secondary
meaning.”); see also Janus Int’l
Holding Co. v. Rademacher, D2002-0201 (WIPO Mar. 5, 2002) (finding that
UDRP Panel decisions have held that registration of a mark is prima facie evidence of validity, which
creates a rebuttable presumption that the mark is inherently distinctive. Respondent has the burden of refuting this
assumption).
Respondent’s <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name is confusingly similar
to Complainant’s SKUNK WORKS mark because the “skunkwerx” portion of the
disputed domain name is phonetically similar to Complainant’s mark. Furthermore, the mere addition of the
generic words “motor” and “sports” is insufficient to distinguish the domain
name from Complainant’s mark. See Hewlett-Packard Co. v. Cupcake City, FA
93562 (Nat. Arb. Forum Apr. 7, 2000) (finding that a domain name which is
phonetically identical to Complainant’s mark satisfies ¶ 4(a)(i) of the UDRP); see
also Am. Online, Inc. v. Peppler, FA 103437 (Nat. Arb. Forum Feb.
22, 2002) (finding the word “quest” and “crest” to be similar in sound and, thus, that
Respondent’s <mapcrest.com> domain name and Complainant’s MAP QUEST mark are
confusingly similar); see also AXA
China Region Ltd. v. KANNET Ltd., D2000-1377 (WIPO Nov. 29, 2000) (finding
that common geographic qualifiers or generic nouns can rarely be relied upon to
differentiate the mark if the other elements of the domain name comprise a mark
or marks in which another party has rights).
Moreover, the addition of the
country-code “.us” is insufficient to distinguish the domain name from
Complainant’s mark. See Tropar Mfg.
Co. v. TSB, FA 127701 (Nat. Arb. Forum Dec. 4, 2002) (finding that since
the addition of the country-code “.us” fails to add any distinguishing
characteristic to the domain name, the <tropar.us> domain name is
identical to Complainant’s TROPAR mark); see also Pomellato S.p.A v. Tonetti, D2000-0493 (WIPO July 7, 2000) (finding
<pomellato.com> identical to Complainant’s mark because the generic
top-level domain (gTLD) “.com” after the name POMELLATO is not relevant)
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) has
been satisfied.
Rights or Legitimate Interests
Due to Respondent’s failure to contest
the allegations of the Complaint, the Panel may conclude that Respondent lacks
rights or legitimate interests in the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us>
domain name. See Pavillion Agency, Inc. v. Greenhouse Agency
Ltd., D2000-1221 (WIPO Dec. 4, 2000) (finding that Respondents’ failure to
respond can be construed as an admission that they have no legitimate interest
in the domain names); see also Canadian
Imperial Bank of Commerce v. D3M Virtual Reality, Inc., AF-0336
(eResolution Sept. 23, 2000) (finding no rights or legitimate interests where
no such right or interest was immediately apparent to the Panel and Respondent
did not come forward to suggest any right or interest it may have possessed).
Furthermore,
due to Respondent’s failure to respond, the Panel may accept all reasonable
assertions and inferences in the Complaint as true. See Do the Hustle, LLC v. Tropic Web, D2000-0624
(WIPO Aug. 21, 2000) (“Failure of a respondent to come forward to [contest
complainant’s allegations] is tantamount to admitting the truth of
complainant’s assertion in this regard”); see also Vertical
Solutions Mgmt., Inc. v. webnet-marketing, inc., FA 95095
(Nat. Arb. Forum July 31, 2000) (holding that Respondent’s failure to respond
allows all reasonable inferences of fact in the allegations of Complainant to
be deemed true).
In addition, the record fails to
establish that Respondent is commonly known by the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name. Respondent was not licensed or authorized to
register or use domain names that incorporate Complainant’s mark. Also, Respondent is not an owner or
beneficiary of a trademark or service mark that is identical to the domain
name. Therefore, the Panel concludes
that Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain
name pursuant to Policy ¶¶ 4(c)(i) and (iii).
See Compagnie de Saint
Gobain v. Com-Union Corp., D2000-0020 (WIPO Mar. 14, 2000) (finding no
rights or legitimate interest where Respondent was not commonly known by the
mark and never applied for a license or permission from Complainant to use the
trademarked name); see also Tercent, Inc. v. Yi, FA 139720
(Nat. Arb. Forum Feb. 10, 2003) (stating “nothing in Respondent’s WHOIS
information implies that Respondent is ‘commonly known by’ the disputed domain
name” as one factor in determining that UDRP ¶ 4(c)(ii) does not apply).
Complainant
asserts that the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name
was used for commercial use prior to the date that the cease and desist letter
was sent to Respondent. The Panel
accepts this assertion as true.
Respondent’s domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s mark
and was used to take advantage of the goodwill associated with the mark. Respondent’s commercial use of the
misleading domain name did not constitute a bona fide offering of goods or
services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii) or a legitimate noncommercial or fair
use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iv). See
MSNBC
Cable, LLC v. Tysys.com,
D2000-1204 (WIPO Dec. 8, 2000) (finding no rights or legitimate interests in
the famous MSNBC mark where Respondent attempted to profit using Complainant’s
mark by redirecting Internet traffic to its own website); see also Disney
Enters., Inc. v. Dot Stop, FA 145227 (Nat. Arb. Forum March 17, 2003)
(finding that Respondent’s diversionary use of Complainant’s mark to attract
Internet users to its own website, which contained a series of hyperlinks to
unrelated websites, was neither a bona fide offering of goods or services nor a
legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the disputed domain names).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii)
has been satisfied.
Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Respondent’s <skunkwerxmotorsports.us> domain name is confusingly similar
to Complainant’s mark and was used to generate commercial gain for Respondent
by resolving to a commercial website related to motor sports. Respondent’s commercial use of the
misleading domain name is evidence of bad faith registration and use pursuant
to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See H-D
Michigan, Inc. v. Petersons Auto., FA 135608 (Nat. Arb. Forum Jan. 8, 2003)
(finding that the disputed domain name was registered and used in bad faith
pursuant to UDRP ¶ 4(b)(iv) through Respondent’s registration and use of the
infringing domain name to intentionally attempt to attract Internet users to
its fraudulent website by using Complainant’s famous marks and likeness); see
also G.D. Searle & Co. v. Celebrex Drugstore, FA 123933 (Nat.
Arb. Forum Nov. 21, 2002) (finding that Respondent registered and used the
domain name in bad faith pursuant to UDRP ¶ 4(b)(iv) because Respondent was
using the confusingly similar domain name to attract Internet users to its
commercial website).
The Panel finds that Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii)
has been satisfied.
DECISION
Complainant
having established all three elements required under the usTLD Policy, the
Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly,
it is Ordered that the <skunkwerxmotorsports.us>
domain name be TRANSFERRED from Respondent to Complainant.
Tyrus R. Atkinson, Jr., Panelist
Dated: October 19, 2004
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