Metropolitan Life Insurance Company v.
Horoshiy, Inc. a/k/a Horoshiy
Claim
Number: FA0409000323764
Complainant is Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (“Complainant”),
represented by Leon Medzhibovsky, of Fulbright & Jaworski,
666 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10103.
Respondent is Horoshiy, Inc. a/k/a Horoshiy (“Respondent”), F.D. Rooseveltweg #518, Curacao, AN.
REGISTRAR
AND DISPUTED DOMAIN NAME
The
domain name at issue is <metlifeeservice.com>, registered with Nameking.com,
Inc.
The
undersigned certifies that he or she has acted independently and impartially
and to the best of his or her knowledge has no known conflict in serving as
Panelist in this proceeding.
Sandra
Franklin as Panelist.
Complainant
submitted a Complaint to the National Arbitration Forum (the "Forum")
electronically on September 3, 2004; the Forum received a hard copy of the
Complaint on September 7, 2004.
On
September 14, 2004, Nameking.com, Inc. confirmed by e-mail to the Forum that
the domain name <metlifeeservice.com> is registered with Nameking.com,
Inc. and that Respondent is the current registrant of the name. Nameking.com,
Inc. has verified that Respondent is bound by the Nameking.com, Inc. registration
agreement and has thereby agreed to resolve domain-name disputes brought by
third parties in accordance with ICANN's Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution
Policy (the "Policy").
On
September 14, 2004, a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of
Administrative Proceeding (the "Commencement Notification"), setting
a deadline of October 4, 2004 by which Respondent could file a Response to the
Complaint, was transmitted to Respondent via e-mail, post and fax, to all
entities and persons listed on Respondent's registration as technical,
administrative and billing contacts, and to postmaster@metlifeeservice.com by
e-mail.
Having
received no Response from Respondent, using the same contact details and
methods as were used for the Commencement Notification, the Forum transmitted
to the parties a Notification of Respondent Default.
On
October 11, 2004, pursuant to Complainant's request to have the dispute decided
by a single-member Panel, the Forum appointed Sandra Franklin as Panelist.
Having
reviewed the communications records, the Administrative Panel (the
"Panel") finds that the Forum has discharged its responsibility under
Paragraph 2(a) of the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy
(the "Rules") "to employ reasonably available means calculated
to achieve actual notice to Respondent."
Therefore, the Panel may issue its decision based on the documents
submitted and in accordance with the ICANN Policy, ICANN Rules, the Forum's
Supplemental Rules and any rules and principles of law that the Panel deems
applicable, without the benefit of any Response from Respondent.
Complainant
requests that the domain name be transferred from Respondent to Complainant.
A. Complainant makes the following assertions:
1. Respondent’s <metlifeeservice.com>
domain name is confusingly similar to Complainant’s METLIFE mark.
2. Respondent does not have any rights or
legitimate interests in the <metlifeeservice.com> domain name.
3. Respondent registered and used the <metlifeeservice.com>
domain name in bad faith.
B. Respondent failed to submit a Response in
this proceeding.
Complainant,
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, has been providing insurance and other
related services in conjunction with the METLIFE mark since 1863. Complainant and its affiliates offer a full
range of insurance and other financial products and services not only at their
physical locations, but these services are also offered to customers over the
Internet or electronically. Complainant
also has major operations, affiliates and representative offices throughout the
Americas, Europe, and Asia, including direct international insurance operations
in ten countries. Complainant owns
trademark registrations with the United States Patent and Trademark Office for
the METLIFE mark (e.g. Reg. No. 1,541,862, issued May 30, 1989). Complainant also owns trademark registration
rights in numerous countries around the world, including Argentina, Australia,
Austria and the European Union.
Respondent
registered the <metlifeeservice.com> domain name on January 13,
2004, and has linked the domain name to a search engine located at
<dp.information.com>, which provides links to various commercial websites
and pop-up ads. Many of the links
contained therein direct Internet users to websites belonging to Complainant’s
direct competitors.
Respondent has
also been found to have registered common marks as domain names with the intent
to profit from the redirection of Internet traffic to search engine offering
commissions in several previous Internet domain name disputes.
Paragraph 15(a)
of the Rules instructs this Panel to "decide a complaint on the basis of
the statements and documents submitted in accordance with the Policy, these
Rules and any rules and principles of law that it deems applicable."
In view of
Respondent's failure to submit a Response, the Panel shall decide this
administrative proceeding on the basis of Complainant's undisputed
representations pursuant to paragraphs 5(e), 14(a) and 15(a) of the Rules and
draw such inferences it considers appropriate pursuant to paragraph 14(b) of
the Rules.
Paragraph 4(a)
of the Policy requires that Complainant must prove each of the following three
elements to obtain an order that a domain name should be cancelled or
transferred:
(1) the domain name registered by Respondent
is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which
Complainant has rights; and
(2) Respondent has no rights or legitimate
interests in respect of the domain name; and
(3) the domain name has been registered and
is being used in bad faith.
The Panel finds
that Policy ¶ 4(a)(i) has been satisfied.
Respondent is
using the <metlifeeservice.com> domain name to redirect Internet
users to a search engine website that contains pop-up ads and provides links to
various commercial websites, some of which belong to Complainant’s
competitors. Respondent’s use of a
domain name confusingly similar to Complainant’s METLIFE mark to redirect
Internet users interested in Complainant’s products to a search engine
displaying links to commercial websites that offer identical insurance and
financial related services is not a use in connection with a bona fide offering
of goods or services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(i), nor a legitimate
noncommercial or fair use of the domain name pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). See Am. Online, Inc. v. Fu, D2000-1374 (WIPO Dec. 11, 2000) finding
that “it would be unconscionable to find a bona fide offering of services in a
respondent’s operation of a website using a domain name which is confusingly
similar to the Complainant’s mark and for the same business”; see also Am. Online Inc. v. Shenzhen JZT Computer Software Co., D2000-0809
(WIPO Sept. 6, 2000) finding that Respondent’s operation of a website offering
essentially the same services as Complainant and displaying Complainant’s mark
was insufficient for a finding of bona fide offering of goods or services; see also Ameritrade Holdings Corp. v.
Polanski, FA 102715 (Nat. Arb. Forum Jan. 11, 2002) finding that
Respondent’s use of the disputed domain name to redirect Internet users to a
financial services website, which competed with Complainant, was not a bona
fide offering of goods or services.
Respondent has
offered no evidence and there is no proof in the record suggesting that
Respondent is commonly known by the <metlifeeservice.com> domain
name. Thus, Respondent has not established rights or legitimate interests in
the disputed domain name pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). See Compagnie de Saint
Gobain v. Com-Union Corp., D2000-0020 (WIPO Mar. 14, 2000) finding no
rights or legitimate interests where Respondent was not commonly known by the
mark and never applied for a license or permission from Complainant to use the
trademarked name; see also Gallup Inc. v. Amish Country Store, FA
96209 (Nat. Arb. Forum Jan. 23, 2001) finding that Respondent does not have
rights in a domain name when Respondent is not known by the mark.
The Panel finds
that Policy ¶ 4(a)(ii) has been satisfied.
Respondent uses
the <metlifeeservice.com> domain name to redirect Internet users
to a search engine containing pop-up ads and links to websites belonging to
Complainant’s competitors. Respondent’s
practice of diversion, motivated by commercial gain, through the use of
a confusingly similar domain name constitutes bad faith registration and use
pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). See Perot Sys. Corp. v. Perot.net, FA 95312 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 29,
2000) finding bad faith where the domain name in question is obviously
connected with Complainant’s well-known marks, thus creating a likelihood of
confusion strictly for commercial gain; see
also eBay, Inc v.
Progressive Life Awareness Network,
D2000-0068 (WIPO Mar. 16, 2001) finding bad faith where Respondent is taking
advantage of the recognition that eBay has created for its mark and therefore
profiting by diverting users seeking the eBay website to Respondent’s site.
Respondent has a
history of registering famous marks in domain names for a commercial benefit
and has been ordered to transfer other domain names under the Policy in
previous actions. See InfoSpace,
Inc. v. Horoshiy, Inc., FA282775
(Nat. Arb. Forum July 23, 2004); see
also Citigroup Inc. v. Horoshiy, Inc., FA290633 (Nat. Arb. Forum
Aug. 11, 2004), see also Avery
Dennison Corp. v. Horoshiy, Inc., FA289048 (Nat. Arb. Forum Aug. 2,
2004). Respondent’s history of
registering domain names that incorporates registered marks evidences bad faith
registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(ii). See Pep Boys Manny, Moe, & Jack v.
E-Commerce Today, Ltd., AF-0145 (eResolution May 3, 2000) finding that,
where Respondent registered many domain names, held them hostage, and prevented
the owners from using them, the behavior constituted bad faith; see also Time Warner Inc. &
EMI Group plc v. CPIC Net, D2000-0433 (WIPO Sept. 15, 2000) finding that Respondent registered and
used the domain names emiwarnermusic.com, emiwarner.org, emiwarner.net,
warneremi.net and warneremi.org in bad faith when Respondent registered the
domain names immediately after an announced merger between Time Warner Inc. and
EMI Group. Respondent had also registered 15 other domain names belonging to
Complainant, evidencing a pattern of preventative conduct; see also Philip
Morris Inc. v. r9.net, D2003-0004 (WIPO Feb. 28, 2003) finding that
Respondent’s previous registration of domain names such as
<pillsbury.net>, <schlitz.net>, <biltmore.net> and <honeywell.net>
and subsequent registration of the disputed <marlboro.com> domain name
evidenced bad faith registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(ii).
The Panel finds
that Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii) has been satisfied.
Having
established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel
concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Accordingly, it
is Ordered that the <metlifeeservice.com> domain name be TRANSFERRED
from Respondent to Complainant.
Sandra Franklin, Panelist
Dated:
October 25, 2004
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